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BCS CTFL4 시험요강:
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최신 ISTQB Certified Tester CTFL4 무료샘플문제 (Q49-Q54):
질문 # 49
The four test levels used in ISTQB syllabus are:
1. Component (unit) testing
2. Integration testing
3. System testing
4. Acceptance testing
An organization wants to do away with integration testing but otherwise follow V-model. Which of the following statements is correct?
- A. It is allowed as organizations can decide on men test levels to do depending on the context of the system under test
- B. It is not allowed as organizations can't change the test levels as these are chosen on the basis of the SDLC (software development life cycle) model
- C. It is not allowed because integration testing is a very important test level and ignoring i: means definite poor product quality
- D. It is allowed because integration testing is not an important test level arc! can be dispensed with.
정답:B
설명:
The V-model is a software development life cycle model that defines four test levels that correspond to four development phases: component (unit) testing with component design, integration testing with architectural design, system testing with system requirements, and acceptance testing with user requirements. The V-model emphasizes the importance of verifying and validating each phase of development with a corresponding level of testing, and ensuring that the test objectives, test basis, and test artifacts are aligned and consistent across the test levels. Therefore, an organization that wants to follow the V-model cannot do away with integration testing, as it would break the symmetry and completeness of the V-model, and compromise the quality and reliability of the software or system under test. Integration testing is a test level that aims to test the interactions and interfaces between components or subsystems, and to detect any defects or inconsistencies that may arise from the integration of different parts of the software or system. Integration testing is essential for ensuring the functionality, performance, and compatibility of the software or system as a whole, and for identifying and resolving any integration issues early in the development process. Skipping integration testing would increase the risk of finding serious defects later in the test process, or worse, in the production environment, which would be more costly and difficult to fix, and could damage the reputation and credibility of the organization. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
The other options are incorrect because:
* A. It is not allowed as organizations can decide on the test levels to do depending on the context of the system under test. While it is true that the choice and scope of test levels may vary depending on the context of the system under test, such as the size, complexity, criticality, and risk level of the system, the organization cannot simply ignore or skip a test level that is defined and required by the chosen software development life cycle model. The organization must follow the principles and guidelines of the software development life cycle model, and ensure that the test levels are consistent and coherent with the development phases. If the organization wants to have more flexibility and adaptability in choosing the test levels, it should consider using a different software development life cycle model, such as an agile or iterative model, that allows for more dynamic and incremental testing approaches.
* B. It is not allowed because integration testing is not an important test level and can be dispensed with.
This statement is false and misleading, as integration testing is a very important test level that cannot be dispensed with. Integration testing is vital for testing the interactions and interfaces between components or subsystems, and for ensuring the functionality, performance, and compatibility of the software or system as a whole. Integration testing can reveal defects or inconsistencies that may not be detected by component (unit) testing alone, such as interface errors, data flow errors, integration logic errors, or performance degradation. Integration testing can also help to verify and validate the architectural design and the integration strategy of the software or system, and to ensure that the software or system meets the specified and expected quality attributes, such as reliability, usability, security, and maintainability. Integration testing can also provide feedback and confidence to the developers and stakeholders about the progress and quality of the software or system development.
Therefore, integration testing is a crucial and indispensable test level that should not be skipped or omitted.
* C. It is not allowed because integration testing is a very important test level and ignoring it means definite poor product quality. This statement is partially true, as integration testing is a very important test level that should not be ignored, and skipping it could result in poor product quality. However, this statement is too strong and absolute, as it implies that integration testing is the only factor that determines the product quality, and that ignoring it would guarantee a poor product quality. This is not necessarily the case, as there may be other factors that affect the product quality, such as the quality of the requirements, design, code, and other test levels, the effectiveness and efficiency of the test techniques and tools, the competence and experience of the developers and testers, the availability and adequacy of the resources and environment, the management and communication of the project, and the expectations and satisfaction of the customers and users. Therefore, while integration testing is a very important test level that should not be skipped, it is not the only test level that matters, and skipping it does not necessarily mean definite poor product quality, but rather a higher risk and likelihood of poor product quality.
References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Version 4.0, 2018, Section 2.3, pages 16-
18; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, pages 38-39; ISTQB CTFL 4.0 - Sample Exam - Answers, Version 1.1, 2023, Question 104, page 36.
질문 # 50
A company runs a pilot project for evaluation of a test automation tool. Which of the following is NOT a valid object of this pilot project?
- A. Check haw the tool fits to the existing test processes
- B. Decide upon standards for tool implementation
- C. Get familiar with the functionality and options of the tool
- D. Train all testers on using the tool
정답:D
설명:
* A pilot project is a small-scale experiment or trial that is conducted to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and suitability of a test automation tool before implementing it on a larger scale1.
* The objectives of a pilot project may vary depending on the context and scope of the test automation initiative, but some common ones are2:
* To get familiar with the functionality and options of the tool
* To check how the tool fits to the existing test processes and environment
* To assess the benefits and challenges of using the tool
* To decide upon standards and guidelines for tool implementation and usage
* To estimate the costs and resources required for tool deployment and maintenance
* Therefore, option C is not a valid objective of a pilot project, as it is not necessary to train all testers on using the tool at this stage. Training all testers on using the tool would be more appropriate after the tool has been selected and approved for full-scale implementation, and after the standards and guidelines have been established. Training all testers on using the tool during the pilot project would be inefficient, costly, and premature, as the tool may not be suitable or effective for the intended purpose, or may be replaced by another tool later.
References:
* 1: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 82
* 2: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 83
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 84
* : ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 85
질문 # 51
Given the following User Story: "As an online customer, I would like to be able to cancel the purchase of an individual item from a shopping list so that it only displays the relevant items, in less than 1 second", which of the following can be considered as applicable acceptance test cases?
I.Click on my online shopping list, select the unwanted Item, delete the unwanted item, the unwanted Item is deleted from the shopping list in less than 1 second.
ii.Click on my online shopping list, select all the items, delete all the items, the unwanted items are deleted from the shopping list in less than 1 second.
iii.Tab to the online shopping list and press enter, select the unwanted item, delete the unwanted item, the unwanted item is deleted from the shopping list In less than 1 second.
Iv. Click on the checkout button, select the payment method, make payment, confirmation received of payment and shipping date.
v. Click on my shopping list, select the unwanted Item, delete the unwanted item, the unwanted item is deleted from the shopping list.
Select the correct answer:
- A. i and iii
- B. v
- C. iv
- D. I, ii and v
정답:A
질문 # 52
A financial institution is to implement a system that calculates the interest rates paid on investment accounts based on the sum invested.
You are responsible for testing the system and decide to use equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis to design test cases. The requirements describe the following expectations:
Investment range| Interest rate
R500 to RIO 00010%
RIO 001 to R50 00011%
R50 001 to RlOOOOO12%
RIOOOOl to R500 000| 13%
What is the minimum number of test cases required to cover all valid equivalence partitions for calculating the interest?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
정답:D
설명:
Using equivalence partitioning, the investment ranges are divided into four partitions:
* R500 to R10,000 (10%)
* R10,001 to R50,000 (11%)
* R50,001 to R100,000 (12%)
* R100,001 to R500,000 (13%)
Thus, the minimum number of test cases required to cover all valid equivalence partitions for calculating the interest is 4.
질문 # 53
Which one of the following statements correctly describes the term 'debugging'?
- A. Debugging is a confirmation activity that checks whether fixes resolved defects.
- B. Debugging is the development activity that finds, analyses and fixes defects.
- C. Debugging is of no relevance in Agile development.
- D. There is no difference between debugging and testing.
정답:B
설명:
Debugging is the development activity that finds, analyses and fixes defects. Unlike testing, which aims to identify defects in the software, debugging is the process that developers use to locate and correct the errors found during testing. This involves diagnosing the root causes of these defects and making necessary code changes to resolve them. Debugging is a critical part of the development cycle and ensures that the software functions correctly after defects are fixed.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 1.1.2
질문 # 54
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